The petrochemical industry requires materials that are exceptionally resistant to extreme conditions, such as heat, high pressure, chemicals, and corrosive substances like chlorine. Equipment such as pipes, flanges, pressure vessels, and ovens must perform reliably over extended periods in these aggressive environments. Therefore, specialized metals and alloys are often used, such as Inconel and Hastelloy (nickel alloys), zirconium, titanium, tantalum, and molybdenum. These materials are specifically developed to ensure optimal safety, durability, and reliability.