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Titanium
Ti
Strong, light, and corrosion-resistant
Looking for a strong yet lightweight metal? Titanium boasts the highest strength-to-weight ratio of all elements. It is stronger than steel, yet nearly half as light. Additionally, it offers significantly better corrosion resistance than most stainless steel types. As a result, applications that traditionally used stainless steel are increasingly being replaced with titanium.
| Properties | Titanium has the highest strength-to-weight ratio of all elements, offers good corrosion resistance, has high biocompatibility, and is non-magnetic. |
| Applications | Titanium is used in aerospace, chemical industry, offshore, medical implants, pipelines, and sports equipment. |
Available in
ASTM standards
We supply our Titanium metals that meet the various ASTM/ASME requirements.
What is Titanium?
Titanium ranks as the 9th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and the 4th most common metal component. It is number 22 on the periodic table, with an atomic weight of 47.90, and is identified by the symbol “Ti.” Titanium is extracted in the form of rutile quartz and from the mineral ilmenite. Rutile is generally mined in Australia, China, Canada, and the United States.
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How is Titanium Extracted?
To obtain this metal, we combine rutile with coke or tar and chlorine gas. When heated, this creates titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4). Through a chemical process, we convert this into what is known as a “titanium sponge,” which we then melt into a titanium ingot form. This melting is done in one of two ways: either through vacuum arc remelting (VAR) or the so-called cold hearth furnace process.
Alternative metals
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40
Zirconium Zirconium is a silver-gray transition metal with excellent corrosion resistance, making it ideal for use in aggressive environments.
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28
Nickel Nickel is a shiny silvery-white metal that is used worldwide in steel.
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27
Cobalt Cobalt is a silver-gray, hard metal with unique magnetic properties and a rich history.
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72
Hafnium Hafnium is a silvery, ductile metal that is extracted from zirconium ores.
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73
Tantalum Tantalum is a gray, lustrous metal known for its exceptional corrosion resistance in aggressive environments.
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41
Niobium Niobium is a shiny gray metal known for its toughness and excellent chemical resistance.
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74
Tungsten Gray-glossy and very heavy metal with the highest melting and boiling point of all metals.
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42
Molybdenum Molybdenum is a hard, shiny, silver-colored metal with a very high melting point of 2623°C.
Titanium
Commercially pure grades 1 to 4
There are many different titanium grades. Numbers 1 through 4 are microstructurally commercially pure variants in the alpha phase and are simultaneously the softest titanium grades. The difference between the four grades lies in the number of interstitial elements, such as oxygen and iron, added to each grade.
The table below shows the level of interstitial elements for each grade and the corresponding mechanical properties.
Think of interstitial elements as oxygen (O), iron (Fe), and nitrogen (N), with oxygen (O) being the most important. The higher the interstitial elements, the stronger the alloy. As the UTS (Ultimate Tensile Strength) increases, the elongation decreases. This makes the alloy less ductile. Thus, the strength of commercially pure titanium increases with each grade. This means titanium grade 4 is the strongest, and titanium grade 1 is the least strong.
Titanium Alloy 1 to 4
|
Grade |
UTS (MPA) |
0.2% (MPA) | %EL O% | WT C% | WT N% | WTH H% | WT FE% | WT |
|
Grade 1 |
240 |
138 | 24 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.20 |
|
Grade 2 |
345 | 275 | 20 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.30 |
|
Grade 3 |
450 | 380 | 18 | 0.35 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.015 | 0.30 |
|
Grade 4 |
550 |
483 |
15 |
0.40 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.015 |
0.50 |
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